The Genocide of East Timor

Introduction While analysing genocide in East Timor, it is necessary to consider some fundamentals concerning the issue of discussion. First of all, it should be pointed out that genocide is recognised to be one of the most terrible crimes a government can commit in relation to its people. As far as genocide was proclaimed an international crime, the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (UHCG) was established.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Genocide of East Timor specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Generally, there is a wide range of definitions genocide involves. Social definitions are of particular importance, as they reveal the type of government a country is controlled by. Thus, on the one hand, genocide can be regarded as government’s intentions to commit crime against its citizens on the basis of their group membership. On the other hand, genocide can be regarded as government’s intentions to abolish population on the basis of any reasons. One is to keep in mind that genocide is mostly associated with certain internal disruptions, war, etc.; so, one can conclude that if government is in danger, democide commitment provides excuse for the worst moral crime1. East Timor’s genocidal grounds Some of the historians are of the opinion that genocidal grounds were basically pre-planned. In the 17th century, the territory of East Timor was colonised by the Portuguese; in times of the Second World War, there were the Japanese, who controlled the territory. In the early seventies, the Portuguese decided to reestablish their control over the country, and the Revolutionary Front of Independent East Timor (Fretilin) took a decision to form an independent community. In the mid of the seventies, Fretilin political force got the majority of voices in the local elections; so, the Indonesian government started its military actions and soon declared East Timor’s annexation2. Keeping in mind a brief overview, one can probably conclude that the Indonesian government’s intentions to murder East Timor’s population involved political reasons; although a deep analysis of further actions the Indonesians followed give us an opportunity to suppose that both social definitions of genocide can be applied to the current case study. The Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide (CPPCG) and its relation to the case study According to the CPPCG, genocide is considered to be any act, which main purpose is to destroy certain groups. Such events in the case study as a) killing representatives of a national group (the population of East Timor), b) causing bodily and mental harm to representatives of a national group, c) â€Å"deliberately inflicting on the group conditions of life calculated to bring about its physical destruction in whole or in part†3, d) imposing certain procedures to stop births withi n a national group (gendercidal massacres of men), and e) transferring children to another groups can be all applied to genocide according to the Convention.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More A critical overview of the Article II of the CPPCG Some alternative definitions, however, cannot be neglected too. Thus, taking into account the acts of genocide the Convention includes, it becomes evident that the acts can be divided into two major groups. The points of the Convention from a) to c) belong to the so-called physical genocide. As far as Timorese population experienced starvation and suffered a severe lack of any medical services, one can state that the kind of genocide goes beyond descriptions that are pointed out in the CPPCG. Therefore, killing representatives of a certain national group can be regarded whether as a simplified definition or as a definition that canno t fit for genocide atrocities, which occurred in East Timor. In other words, the Article II of The Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide involves some general definitions of one of the worst moral crimes a government commits against humanity. The points of the Convention from d) to e) belong to the biological genocide. So, preventing births seems to be an exhaustive definition; although the original Convention contained no data on violence targeting women4. Gendercide in East Timor, in its turn, covered horrible spectacles with the execution of females. In our days, the execution of women is recognized to be one of the legal definitions of genocide. Other acts not covered by The Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide involve cultural genocide and political genocide. Lawrence Davidson is of the opinion that when people are unfamiliar with the culture outside of their national group, â€Å"they are unable to accurately assess the alleged threat of others around them. Throughout history, dominant populations have often dealt with these fears through mass murder†5. East Timorese population was forced to study a new Indonesian language, which was formed on the basis of the Malayan language. Keeping in mind that the Indonesian government wanted to impose linguistic restrictions on the population of East Timor, one can probably notice that the Timorese also experienced cultural genocide. Of course, political genocide in East Timor cannot be ignored. It was mentioned that the reasons of the conflict between the Revolutionary Front of Independent East Timor and the Indonesian party Apodeti were of political origin. Thus, Apodeti was mostly interested in East Timor’s annexation by Indonesia. Therefore, political genocide was unavoidable6. Conclusion It seems to be obvious that the Article II of The Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of Genocide does not depict the issue of genocide in detail. For this reason, one can state that the general definitions the Convention involves are to be expanded. The most generic definition of genocide was given by Israel W. Charny. He pointed out that the worst international crime in its common sense is considered to be the mass annihilation of human beings7. As far as genocide is regarded rather ambiguously, some important points on an international crime are to be clarified. So, it must be noted that not only a government, but also various military and international organisations can be also considered as the perpetrators of genocide.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Genocide of East Timor specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The most widespread motives of genocide include: the annihilation of those, who are hated, the destruction of those, who are regarded as the threat to a political regime, the desire to establish a new order, purification8. Bibliography Charny, I. Encyclopedia of Genocide, Santa Barbara, California, 1999. Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. Hrweb.org, 1997. Web. Cribb, R. The Indonesian Killings, Clayton, Australia: Monash Centre of Southeast Asian Studies, 1990. Print. Davidson, L. Cultural Genocide, New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2012. Print. Jones, A. Case Study: East Timor (1975-99). Gendercide.org, 2002. Web. Kiernan, B. Blood and Soil: A World History of Genocide and Extermination from  Sparta to Darfur, New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2007.Advertising Looking for essay on international relations? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Melson, R. Purify and Destroy: The Political Uses of Massacre and Genocide, UK: Oxford University Press, 2009. Print. Rummel, R. Genocide. Hawaii.edu, n.d. Web. Footnotes 1 R Rummel, Genocide. Hawaii.edu, n.d. 2 A Jones, Case Study: East Timor (1975-99). Gendercide.org, 2002. 3 Convention for the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide. Hrweb.org, January 1997. 4 B Kiernan, Blood and Soil: A World History of Genocide and Extermination from  Sparta to Darfur. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 2007. 5 L Davidson, Cultural Genocide. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 2012. Print. 6 R Cribb, The Indonesian Killings. Clayton, Australia: Monash Centre of Southeast Asian Studies, 1990. Print. 7 I Charny, Encyclopedia of Genocide. Santa Barbara, California, 1999. 8 R Melson, Purify and Destroy: The Political Uses of Massacre and Genocide. UK: Oxford University Press, 2009. Print. This essay on The Genocide of East Timor was written and submitted by user Janelle Olson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Jurrasic Park essays

Jurrasic Park essays Jurassic Park takes place on an Island off the Coast of Costa Rica which is owned by a multimillionaire, John Hammond. On this island he has set up a genetical engineering facility which permits him and his scientist to create dinosaur from blood extracted from prehistoric mosquitos, that have been preserved in amber. Before he opens this living attraction to the public he needs specialist to approve the park. He brings them to the island and begins to show them what he has accomplished. While they are touring the island one of the computer programmers, Dennis Nedry, is secretly planning to steal dinosaur embryos from the park and sell them to a company that is trying to compete with Hammond. The only way Nedry can obtain these embryos is to immobilize the park by interrupting the parks normal function, so that he could sneak in and steal the embryos. This all takes place while the visitors are out in the park touring, and in the mist of a terrible storm. After Nedry has executed a virus in order to steal the embryos the storm hits, and the park power goes out. As the power goes out the visitors to the island are stuck in the middle of nowhere, with an escaped T-Rex. Everyone flees and is scattered through the park. The animals begin attacking the control building, while they are search for food. Since all the power is out there is no way to stop them, or containing them. In the hysteria a scientist , Wu, discovers that the dinosaurs have been mating, which they thought wasn't possible, because they were only cloning females, but the dinosaurs have adapted and have found a way to reproduce. They think they got the power back on so they try to put all the animals back in their holding areas. Little did they know that the whole time the park was running on auxiliary power, and once this power ran out they could not restore the main power. When all the power finally ran out the ...

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Co-branding Curtin University Miri

Co-branding Curtin University Miri Executive Summary The followings aim to allow the reader to have an understanding of co-branding. Certain real life business example is used to illustrate of the relevant theories that has been extract from research journal. Many other relevant articles are also being used for discussion to make the subject matters as current as possible with the objective to stay valid as in point of reading. Inside this paper, co-branding was explained as to why it has been applied as a strategy to explore new market and growth by businesses. Types of example in co-branding that exist and practise in the market. In addition, all the marketing-mix tools are discussed as to how it can impacts the co-branding process. The benefits and disadvantages are also being put forward for discussion with a recommendation to use co-branding as a business strategy. Introduction In today complex business world, whereby competitions are fierce especially for the fast moving consumer goods industry (Helmig, Huber and Leeflang 2008, 359), marketers tried to use any tools they has in order to open a path for additional opportunities for new customers and trade channel to generate greater sales from their existing target market. Co-branding is one of the marketing strategies that used by marketers to create opportunities in achieving business growth in the market. Some may have wonder, what is co-branding? Co-branding is either two or more renowned brands that combined to form an alliance to work together and creating marketing synergy (Kotler, Keller and Burton 2009, 361). In simple term, it means that two brands comes together to create a single, unique product. This pairing can be in a marketing context such as in advertisements, products, product placements and distribution outlets (Grossman 1997, 191). Such marketing synergy can potentially expands the customer base, to increases profitability, responds to the expressed and latent needs of customers through production lines, strengthens competitive position through a bigger market share, enhances product introductions through enhancing the brand image, creates new customer-perceived value and yields operational benefits through reduced cost as stated by Chang (2009, 77) of a notes identified by Gaurav Doshi 2007 article. Co-branding An example of successful co-branding is the McDonald ice cream with MMs candies and also Kraft Oreo cookies which resulted to the creation of MMs Mcflurry and Oreo Mcflurry ice cream products. The success of both MMs and Oreo Mcflurry ice cream is an example of utilizing two or more brand names to introduce a new product with competitive advantages. Chang (2008, 220) state that the purpose is to capitalize on the reputation of the partner brands in an attempt to achieve immediate recognition by the consumers. Airasia, the low budget airline of Malaysia has done very well in the online booking for air travelling, had form an alliance with Citibank to introduce their unique Airasia Citibank credit card (Citibank and Airasia tie the knot! 2007). In this example of joint-venture of co-branding, both Airasia and Citibank have their own separate brand equity, and both also earned brand awareness and positive brand image. Their alliance for success comes from a logical fit between two brands, thus their marketing activity maximises the advantages of each other while minimising their disadvantages as mentioned by Kotler, Keller and Burton (2009, 361). The research done by Park, Jun and Shocker (1996, 464) shows that consumers are more likely to accept the co-branding product when two brands are complementary rather than similar. Their alliance is a perfect match as both Airasia and Citibank which can tap on each other customer base to increase their business activity and on top with increase in p rofits. Further to another type of co-branding is known as same company co-branding. This is an example of Nestle Company in Malaysia when they develop Nestle ice cream using their well known chocolate brand like Kit Kat and Smarties to penetrate into the ice cream market (Nestle in your life: ice cream n.d.). Thus, with immediate brand awareness among their loyalty customers, Nestle are optimising their chances of success of a new launch product. The list does not stop here as there are other types of co-branding, which is multiple-sponsor co-branding, such as Taligent, a one-time technological alliance of Apple, IBM and Motorola (Kotler, Keller and Burton 2009, 361). There is also retail co-branding, example like Pizza Hut and KFC in Malaysia, where two retail businesses use the same location as a method to maximise both space and profits. Moreover, ingredient co-branding is another type of co-branding; a successful example of this is Intel whereby the ingredient branding was so strong that the consumers insist of buying Personal Computer with Intel Inside. Thus, it gives great impacts towards major manufacturer such as Dell and Compaq to adopt Intel chips for their finishing products (Kotler, Keller and Burton 2009, 362). The benefits of Co-branding It is common for all businesses face towards the challenges of financial risks when introducing new brand to consumer market (Aaker and Keller 1990, 27). In addition, a product or services life cycle is getting shorter each day as the advancement in technology has makes it easier to copy among brand in the same industry. It is because of these, the risks inherent in establishing new brands are high, with a failure rate ranging from 80 to 90 percent as mentioned by Leuthesser, Kohli and Suri (2002, 35). So, in this instant co-branding make sense as it can increase brand distinctiveness by capitalizing on the values embedded in cooperating brands. Through the arrangement of co-branding, businesses are able to do brand-leveraging which capitalize on existing brand equity rather than building new brand equity as noted by Dickinson and Heath (2008, 22).Take Airasia Citibank credits card for example, the benefits of being the card owner automatically becomes an elite traveller to enjoy spe cial fares and holiday packages not available elsewhere. By merging values and identities of brands originally engaged in different industries, now both are able to gain consumer choices, loyalty and consequently lead the brand to uniqueness and distinctive as compare to their competitors. From this example it has deliver the aim to increase the distinctiveness of the co-branding product and also gain customer loyalty by providing them with the alliance benefits. Thus, it also achieves its set objective of co-branding that is to expanding customer base, creating a new customer perceived value and most importantly to strengthen its competitive position in the market. As market condition change rapidly, it is not easy for a product to have a safe sailing to success as there is full of choices and is keep on increasing for the consumers to choose. Brands research also found that a single brand may not be able to meet the demands of variable individual needs such as custom design with added value (Djurovic 2009). By using extension co-branding to enhance the products will able to meet those individual needs. For example Bacardi and Coca Cola or Bacardi and Sprite, to have co-branded Bacardi Mixers range to show and suggest alternative ways to consume the two brands. By this arrangement, both brands will gain financial benefits, to have introduced a new product range with a strong image and also respond to the expressed and latent needs of the customers. The other benefits of co-branding is that the product has it uniqueness and distinctive characteristic, thereby induce more sales and also reducing cost of product introduction as noted by Desai and Keller (2002). Interestingly, co-branding is able to work more efficient and effectively communicating through to the consumers as the two brands awareness is high (Aaker 2003, 84). Marketing tools for Co-branding Indeed co-branding activity has increase over the past decade as Spethmann and Benezra (1994) noted that the number of corporate alliances worldwide, including co-branding ventures is continuing to grow at 40% rate each year, involving billions of dollars in assets. Such an increase in co-branding activity may project itself to be a popular strategy as mentioned by Hilton (2007). In addition he asked is it also a smart one? and he answered it with a qualified yes if it is executed well. In order to execute well, we need to discuss any of the relevant seven Ps in marketing mix tools. The seven Ps mentioned which is Product, Price, Promotion, Placement, Physical evidence, Process and People. Marketers use these tools to make marketing-mix decisions for influencing their trade channels right to their end users. In practise, companies seek growth through innovation of new products by their research and development team and co-branding strategy can develop this new product to success by provide perception of quality and image as it capitalizes on the unique strengths of each contributing brand (Chang 2008, 498). For easy focusing onto one industry, we use the fast moving consumer goods as our point of discussions Generally for a co-branding to success, the potential partner has to be large and have strong distribution channel or customer base with positive market image. As mentioned, the market environment change rapidly and the speed to market is one of the key success factor to a co-brand product or services. The aim is to establish a strong foothold before the onslaught by competitors. With wide distribution coverage or customer base will enable this task to be accomplish on the set target. In order for the execution of the co-branding to have a speedy reach out to the market, marketer must look into trade promotion and advertising campaign to assist in numerous ways. The joint sales promotion and advertising campaign is to stimulate interest and inquiries in the market among their loyalty customer and the trade promotion activity should focus on communicating the benefits and value-added the co-branding can provide to the consumer. When these two brands form an alliance for joint promotion on their co-branding product or services, the objectives is for those two brands to provides greater assurance about the quality standard than those of a single branded product from the perspective point of view as noted by Rao, Lu and Ruekert (1999, 259). Thus, from this positive point of view by the consumers it lead to higher product evaluations and this will allow the co-branding product or services to command a premium prices (Helmig, Huber and Leeflang 2008, 360). To illustrate our point we take the Nestle and LOreal as example. Nestle and LOreal recently announced their pairing. One may have asked what common value does these two have. Nestle is the world leading nutrition food producer and the company mission is to produce healthy food to feed the world but not restricted to inside but also our outer body, which is our skin. Indeed, LOreal comes in as a perfect match as the brand is the global leader in skin care. Their pairing is seen to be an unorthodox brand alliance as noted by Lindstorm (2003) but it has those values that the customers can relied and be convincing of their brand alliance commitment. In this instance, the uniqueness and distinctive of the co-branding product has a high evaluation by the customer as indicating of higher chance of success sales and also better command of price point. Although physical evidence is most commonly being used to evaluate for the service industry such as restaurant and hotel (Physical Evidence the lifeline for service companies 2006), we can also make it to be a relevant point to discuss for fast moving consumer goods as in its packaging as physical evidence. The packaging has to be attractive and user friendly. An example of user friendly packing is the pull up cap for canned foods as it allows the buyer to easily open and consume it. As nowadays consumer are also concern of environmental issues, they are also choosing for product packaging that can be recycle after consuming their contents. This physical evidence can also take form as in a warranty or guarantee. Take Duracell for example that has guarantee against defects in materials and workmanship due to a battery defect (Duracell Guarantee n.d). Here the physical evidence is clear and has communicate to the user that Duracell will repair or replace it. These are deems to be an im portant physical evidence a co-branding product can emulate to makes it unique and distinctive. The other Ps of the marketing mix is the process. In marketing mix, the process is an element of service that sees the customer experiencing an organizations offering as mostly in the service industry. As for fast moving consumer goods, the process that the co-brand product wishes the customer to experience is hassle free to access to the product. In short, the availability of the product is sufficient in every retails store and in arm reach location. One such example is the Wrigley Company in which their sales strategy is to focus on the process of the potential consumers reach for their chewing gums product. The result, Wrigley chewing gums was distributed to any corner of the world and to display it at arm reach location in order for the customer to have pleasant experience when reaching for their products. Wrigley understand it well that it continue to focus on recognizes the uniqueness of each one of their consumers and efforts are made to reaching them and in return of hopes th eir potential customer will get to know more of their products and purchase them. The last Ps is the people. Peoples are very important in co-branding. What makes co-branding products a success besides its uniqueness, distinctive and value added to attract the consumers is its people that work behind and in front. A consumer who comes into contact with the co-brand product will make an impression, and they can have a profound effect, either positive or negative and that is on customer satisfaction. The reputation of co-brand product rests in the peoples hands so they must be therefore trained, well motivated and have the right attitude. They must have high level of commitment, competence and complete understanding of their products. The attitude to believe that their co-brand product is unique and will bring them more sales and profits thus, it cans moves them to self motivate to service their customer to satisfaction. The disadvantages for Co-branding By now, the above presented, should be able to give the philosophy behind co-branding and that is to increase both market share and revenue as well as gaining competitive advantages through customer awareness by providing them with a co-branding product that is distinctive and unique. Although co-branding looks rewarding and it does sounds like a perfect strategy to seek growth and by understanding the benefits of co-branding and reviewing the marketing tools to assist it to success alone is not enough. Co-branding does not come without risks, as one have to aware that only one in five attempts of a brand mergers succeed as mentioned by an article by Knudsen et al. (1997, 189). In many ways, brands can be explained like people, they their own values and direction. In real world is difficult for married couples to reconcile their differences and commit to stay to each other forever as noted by Lindstorm (2002) and that half of the worlds marriages ending with a divorce so as co-brandi ng partnership. The risk of co-branding is pairing with a partner that can tarnish the existing products strong brand equity, as the two alliance brands has become connected together in the consumers mind as mentioned by Ueltschy and Laroche (2004, 93). The pitfall here is that when consumers attribute any negative experience due to the fault or negligence of any one party of the alliance, the overall brand equity could be damage and poses threat to co-branding and resulting the other brand being perceive as weak (Kocherp 2009). Thus, when it lead to a negative evaluation by the consumers and is likely also to cause damaging to the co-branding privilege of price command in the market as it used to enjoy over their competitors. The other scenario that a co-branding may fail is when the two products have different market and are entirely different such as no complimentary effects. If there is difference in visions and missions of the two alliance companies, then the co-branding may also fail costly. To take an example of a failure co-branding is the case of American Airlines and America Online. They ambitiously launched a joint consumer-loyalty program in 1999 in search of brand synergy. As the program never met any of the co-branding expectations, they separate their alliance and some analysts say that their failure was due to the co-brand product and never really did anything interesting with it and didnt seem to commit to it as noted by Buss (Brandchannel n.d.). Perhaps their co-branding failure is due to the absence of a clearly defined strategy. When this physical evidence happens, the people as mentioned in the marketing-mix, also has an impact onto them. Failure of alliance means the loss of their cre dibility and capabilities to be able to create a market synergy branding product. The process the customer experience is unpleasant as we used American Airlines as example, to illustrate our point. Imagine all the loyalty program as promise to their loyal customers has either end up empty handed or being compensated by other means in which may not be up to the expectation of their customers. This will surely cost the image of the parent company. Co-branding may result into creation of new ideas for products or services, which leads to the entrance of new competitors who combine the features of both brands into one (Kocherp 2009). Such case was the example of IBM and Microsoft partnership to develop DOS operating system for its personal computers in which it lead to a series of sequence events that eventually creates Microsoft as dominance as we know it today (Leuthesser, Kohli and Suri 2002, 42). So, the potential partner for co-branding arrangement should be place under screening and be analyse to what extent it can be spawn to be the next competitor. As always we have to bear in mind that, every coins has two side and after being able to present the above disadvantages, we also must not forget the benefits of a co-branding has to offer as mentioned earlier for marketers to adopt as a strategy to seek growth for businesses. It is always practical to apply a S.W.O.T analysis as in Strengths, Weakness, Opportunity and Threat to review the co-branding proposal. The S.W.O.T analysis is a useful tool to provide an insight to the potential co-branding proposal of their strength versus their weaknesses within the brand and company of alliance. It also provides to review of what was the opportunities can be created through the partnership versus the threat and challenges facing towards. Co-branding as marketing strategy Before drawing any decision to adopt co-branding strategy to gain market advancement, lets review some important co-branding points that have been mentioned earlier. The alliances can provide an equal benefit for both entities, the values of both brands can complement each other and the brand relationship can creates value added to the customers. According to Leuthesser, Kohli and Suri (2002, 41), which defines four co-branding strategies which is, reaching in, reaching out, reaching up and reaching beyond. By reaching in, the strategy is to achieve greater market penetration by alliance itself to other brands that can complement what the existing brand shortfall when introducing over line extension. Such arrangement was the example of McDonald MMs Mcflurry ice-cream in which McDonald capitalize on MMs strong brand awareness to reach in for greater market penetration. Mcdonald by focus on products has actually utilised one of the marketing-mix tools to reach in for greater market penetration. In reaching out, the strategy is to tap onto new market horizon and to achieve this objective is to co-branding with an alliance that give complementary effects and such example was shown in the arrangement of Airasia and Citibank credit card. Their alliance has enabled each of the partner company to reach out to tap into different industries. Thus, it increases the distribution channel of its business as what marketing-mix tools call it placement, which is product or services reach out to customer through difference networks. Reaching up is a strategy to achieve market advancement by alliances with partners that can elevates positive brand image. The Oral-B brand is such a good example to illustrate this strategy. In the Malaysian consumers market before Oral-B, whereby Colgate is the eminent household name among the majority of Malaysian consumers and of cause needless to say, Colgate was dominating in the retail outlets as well and where Oral-B brand was unknown to the local Malaysian. Then Oral-B start to strategy for the past decade by getting the endorsement from the dentist association of Malaysia to raise its brand image among Malaysian dental care user and as a result of the prominent co-branding and today the Oral-B branding has been strong in the mind of the consumer. In order to achieve total cavities free, Oral-B dental care product range is now the Malsysian first choice upon purchasing. As highlighted by Ueltschy and Laroche (2004, 93), when the two alliance has become connected together in the consumers mind, the result is a strong brand equity been build. The successful of reaching up, to elevates the brand image has enable Oral-B to have better command onto their product pricing thus it makes more profitable business than the rest of its competitors. This is a case of using the marketing-mix tools of price. When a brand has a better command of price it generates not only handsome profit while also generating a substantial amount of advertising and promotional activity fund to create sales opportunity whenever there is a necessary. It is shown that Oral-B has demonstrate how to utilise the price tool very well in order to be price competitive and with profit where many others has failed upon utilising it. In reaching beyond, the strategy involves alliance with a co-branding partner that can elevate strong image and gaining access to new customer. The objective of this strategy is to reach up and reach out. The Airasia and Citibank credit card is also showing an example of this strategy. Airasia by co-branding with Citibank is said to be reaching beyond as it can tap onto the huge customer base of the bank while Citibank is also said to have reaching beyond when co-branding with Airasia by tapping onto the growing customer base as the airline is expanding rapidly to more than 18 countries mainly in Asia. As Airasia continue to grow, so will Citibank as they both are complementary each other in every sense of their business. Conclusion All the above materials is to gives an overall understanding of a co-branding whereby it is one of the marketing strategy often time utilise by marketers to seek growth in a saturated market environment. By accessing to the marketing-mix tools and its function, marketers who intelligently applying it can accelerates their co-branding business to new heights while others that has already in the forefront can also creates new heights as the benefits of co-branding as presented is encouraging for one to consider to venture into it. However, when applying co-branding as the strategy, it is advice to use a S.W.O.T. analyse to screen for the weakness and threat it possess and whether the overall alliances is worthwhile the risk that is at stake that can influence the parent brand. In general through research as discussed above, co-branding will success when there is a logical fit with the alliances. It is thereby the possibility for a co-brand to build into a successful trademark is high as long as it executed well as noted by Hilton (2007). References Aaker, D. The Power of the branded differenciator. MIT Sloan Management Review 45 (1): 84. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 19, 2010). Aaker, D. A., and K. L. Keller. 1990. Consumer Evaluations of Brand Extensions. Journal of Marketing 54 (1): 27. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 18, 2010). Chang, W. L. 2008. A Typology of Co-branding Strategy: Position and Classification. The Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge 12 (2): 220. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 20, 2010). Chang, W. L. 2008. OnCob: An ontology-based knowledge system for supporting position and classification of co-branding strategy. Knowledge-Based Systems 21 (6): 498. http://www.sciencedirect.com (accessed February 22, 2010). Chang, W. L. 2009. Roadmap of Co-branding Positions and Strategies. The Journal of American Academy of Business, Cambridge 15 (1): 77-84. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 20, 2010). Citibank and Airasia tie the knot! 2007. http://74.125.153.132/search?q=cache: ww683c27D0IJ:www.airasia.com/site/my/EN/pressRelease.jsp%3Fid%3Db94cffbb-ac1e00ae-1c199190-cf8b2e60+airasia+and+citibank+in+co+branding+in+Malaysia hl=engl=mystrip=1 (accessed March 12, 2010). Desai, K. K., and K. L. Keller. 2002. The Effects of Ingredient Branding Strategies on Host Brand Extendibility. Journal of Marketing 66 (1): 73. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 19, 2010). Dickinson, S. J., and T. Heath. 2008. Cooperative Brand Alliances: How to Generate Positive Evaluations. Australasian Marketing Journal 16 (2): 22. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 18, 2010). Djurovic, V. 2009. Co-branding, a 1+1>2 formula. http://www.articlesbase.com/marketing- articles/cobranding-a-112-formula-881542.html (accessed March 1, 2010). Duracell guarantee. n.d. http://www.duracell.com.au/pages/company-information-duracell- guarantee.asp (accessed March 9, 2010). Buss, D. n.d. Happily ever after? http://www.brandchannel.com/features_effect.asp? pf_id=151 (accessed March 8, 2010). Grossman, R. P. 1997. Co-branding in advertising: developing effective associations. The Journal of Product and Brand Management 6 (3): 191. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 18, 2010). Helmig, B., J. A. Huber, and P. S. H. Leeflang. 2008. Co-branding: The State of The Art. Schmalenbach Business Review 60 (4): 359-377. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed March 3, 2010). Hilton, J. 2007. The Marketing Evolution of Ingredient Co-branding. http://www.nutrasolutions.com/Articles/Feature_Article/BNP_GUID_9-5-2006_A_ 10000000000000118679 (accessed March 2, 2010). Knudsen, T. R., L. Finskud, R. Tornblom and E. Hogna. 1997. Brand consolidation makes a lot of economic sense. The McKinsey Quarterly 4: 189. http://www.questia.com/ googleScholar.qst;jsessionid=LpwDkkZsQj4TM5l6qyJ2Fh11v14JMfHk11MXPnp6dGycyfYFMV7j!226308462!-2102291406?docId=5001525308 (accessed March 3, 2010). Kocherp. 2009. The Advantages and Disadvantages of Co-Branding. http://www.brighthub. com/office/entrepreneurs/articles/46418.aspx?p=2 (accessed March 3, 2010). Kotlet, P., K. L. Keller, and S. Burton. 2009. Marketing Management. Australia: Pearson Education Australia. Leuthesser, L., C. Kohli, and R. Suri. 2002. 2 + 2 = 5? A framework for using co-branding to leverage a brand. Brand Management 11 (1): 35-47. www.marketingritson.com/ documents/week4cobranding.pdf (accessed March 3, 2010). Lindstorm, M. 2002. Brand + Brand = Success, Part 2: Brand Marriage Failure. http://www.clickz.com/988901 (accessed March 8, 2010). Lindstorm, M. 2003. Unorthodox Brand Alliance. http://www.clickz.com/3099131 (accessed March 8, 2010). Nestle in your life: ice cream. n.d. http://www.nestle.com.my/Nestle+In+Your+Life/Our+ Brands/Ice+Cream/ (accessed March 3, 2010). Park, C. W., S. Y. Jun, and A. D. Shocker. 1996. Composite Branding Alliances: An Investigation of Extension and Feedback Effect. Journal of Marketing Research 13 (4): 464. http://proquest.umi.com (accessed February 21, 2010). Physical Evidence the lifeline for service companies. 2006. http://sevenpsofservicemarketing. blogspot.com/2006/04/physical-evidence-lifeline_114569507522538712.html (accessed March 10, 2010). Rao, A. R., Q. Lu, and R. W. Ruekert. 1999. Signaling Unobservable Product Quality Through a Brand Ally. Journal of Marketing Research 36 (2): 259. http://www.csom. umn.edu (accessed March 5, 2010). Spethmann, B., and K. Benezra. 1994. Sometimes one and one add up to more than two. Ask ConAgra and Kellogg, Nabisco and Subway, or Ocean Spray and Pepsi. http://www.brandweek.com/bw/esearch/article_display.jsp?vnu_content_id=544878 (accessed March 1, 2010). Ueltschy, L.C., and M. Laroche. (2004). Co-brand internationally: Everyone wins? Journal of Applied Business Research 20 (3): 93. www.cluteinstitute-onlinejournals.com (accessed March 10, 2010).

My Values and God Essay example -- Religion, Gods Values

Values in life are something that are extremely important to have in my life. A value is something that a person considers to be important to themselves. Financial values vary from person to person. Not everybody wants the same lifestyle. Some people dream of having expensive cars, spacious homes and many possessions. Others search for the simple life, uncluttered by material goods. Our values influence the way we earn, spend, save, invest and spend money. Personal values are influenced by family and friends, by television and movies, and by what attracts us in the marketplace. For example, you may want to go to college, yet you want to earn money to buy a new car. If you cannot afford both, you must make a choice. A goal is a preferred future condition. It is more than a hope.Goals help you to get more of what you want out of life. They represent the ideal state to which you aspire, guiding all your actions towards this aspired state. What do you need to set goals? You need to know who you are (identity), your values, goals that you want to achieve, an action plan to achieve these goals, what motivates you, flexibility and self-discipline. Knowing who you are will keep you focused as you set priorities and accomplish challenges in your personal and professional lives. When you engage in self-reflection, it is helpful to avoid defining yourself in terms of external trappings, others' expectations or stereotypes. Establishing your values will help you to set goals in priority. Without values, all goals will be important, making it difficult for you to decide which should take precedence. Goals need to be specific. They should have a defined objective and deadline that allow you to asses... ..., then my life does not have meaning, and there is no explanation as to why I am alive. If He does not exist, then I have based my life on a false theory, however, there is no definitive proof that He is real or not. My interpretation of God is solely individualistic and therefore, I can not impose my beliefs on other people. I am not certain that there is concrete evidence that God really exists. However, I do know that He plays an important role in my life. I have my own view of who God is and what He has done for me. For some people, my opinion may not hold enough substantial evidence and whether this is true or not is not for me to decide. Instead, I have come to an understanding that at this stage in my life, someone else may not accept my beliefs. However, I can be happy with this and move on. I can only testify to the beliefs and faith that I hold in God.

Mobs, Mobs, Mobs Essay

Mob mentality is a term used to describe a unique behavioral characteristic that develops when people are in a large group. It is often viewed as a negative sense but it can also be a positive sense. When people in our society today hear the word â€Å"mob† they think of an aggressive chaotic group of people fight or doing something with little to no reason. The mobs we have today has the same effect of what people think but it has become thoroughly worse. The factors of mob mentality leaves our society dumbfounded when it acts with alienation and animosity controlling us like a plague. The aspects of mob mentality comes in numbers which leaves us drowning not knowing what and how to react. Two main aspects that play a role in mobs are the overpowering anonymity that exists within a mob and the allotment of responsibility of the group’s behavior. These factors sometimes conceive a person’s belief that they can act a certain way within the group and not have the same consequence as what he or she would of faced if they did it on their own. For instance, if a person is in a mob that is causing havoc in a building, that person might believe that there would be less of a chance that they would get caught if they were alone, because it would be difficult for authorities to identify every person who was involved. They would also feel less guilt because of the many who did the same. Another factor in mob mentality is the greater sense of confusion or panic that would abrupt in a large riot. A perfect example is shown in most disastrous movies like 2012 or I Am Legend when large groups of people suddenly begin running in one direction. Although many people might not know why this would be happening, they see them and abruptly without warning begin running in that direction too. In severe events, the urge to run and panic spreads through everyone’s mind like a pandemic creating some sort of crowd delirium. Even for something that isn’t as chaotic like Black Friday when people see that a 60†³ HD LCD Samsung TV for sale at the price of $400, once they’re released its monkey see monkey do, some guy runs and the rest follows. Everyone has that moment when one of these events happened, threes also the voice in your head leaching adrenaline through your body telling  you run run run! Mob mentality plays a role in plays and concerts that were the â€Å"best.† Three people would stand up applauding and screaming like mad men. Then maybe a few others would join them. Some would look around uncomfortably , scanning the crowd, deciding if it was alright to start clapping. Our brains are wired to follow the crowd which afflicts damage to our society greatly and creating indecisive entities in everyone’s heads. There is a little more insight to show why people will react in ways that rebel against their regular morals and beliefs. â€Å"When people are part of a group they can deindividuate, (lose their self awareness and sense of individuality), and get caught up in the emotional excitement and indulge in behaviors they would not engage in alone† (Page 1). They may not feel that they are the ones responsible for their act of violence as they continue to do so as â€Å"the group’s†. The larger the mob, the more our society can lose self awareness as a whole or one’s self.

Business And Operations Comparison Of Lodging Sector Hotels Tourism Essays

Business And Operations Comparison Of Lodging Sector Hotels Tourism Essays Business And Operations Comparison Of Lodging Sector Hotels Tourism Essay Business And Operations Comparison Of Lodging Sector Hotels Tourism Essay Hotels are chiefly described as an adjustment with added installations to ease the outlooks of the invitees. Peopless outlooks differ and as per their outlooks, the hotels are differentiated into 3 types as shown in the above chart. Suite Hotels These types of hotels are the fastest turning sections in the housing sector. This is classified as a luxury type adjustment. It s fundamentally really broad and to the full furnished than a standard room, which includes a kitchen, mini saloon, sitting room, Jacuzzi and etc. These suites are chiefly mark for both the leisure and concern sector. For illustration: Honeymoons to pass a twenty-four hours or two and chiefly for Cooperate professionals such as executives, attorneies and famous persons. Resort Hotels These types of hotels are chiefly for relaxations. Like a pickup from the busy universe to breath in relaxations. Located in islands, mountains and near beaches which are the chief attractive forces spots these types of adjustment can be found in the Caribbean, Maldives, Costa del Sol, and in many tropical states with many leisure activities such as golf, skiing, boosting and sun bathing. Budget Hotels These types of hotels are chiefly high in the market. Budget hotels consist of basic degree adjustments, largely with bed and breakfast. Chiefly situated in towns centre with high capacity in suites and has a really immense demands due to monetary value is low-cost by any category. Service criterion is restricted to basic degree but in some quite an upper degree can be found. For illustration safety cabinet. Motels Motels are basical Suites offer multiple suites, with more infinite and furniture than a standard hotel room. In add-on to one or more beds and sleeping room fixtures, a suite will include a life or sitting room, normally with a sofa that converts into a bed. Dining, office and kitchen installations are besides added in many suites. Some belongingss now offer merely suites. In add-on to the epicurean suites mentioned in the first paragraph, regular suites are peculiarly marketed to concern travelers who would both appreciate extra infinite and may utilize it to host little meetings or entertain clients. The little concern like bed and breakfast is one topographic point where the proprietor can oversee each section. However, above 20 suites is when the housing concern additions and it becomes indispensable for managerial places to take topographic point within sections. The front office section in a limited-service hotel takes attention of reserves, the forepart office, housework, and telephone, security and technology, the bell staff. The front office is responsible for reserves, guest response, room assignment, tracking the position of suites ( available or occupied ) , prompt forwarding of mail and phone messages, security, housework of invitee suites and public infinites such as anterooms, and replying invitees questions. These responsibilities are carried out by section divided into sub sections units. For illustration, there is a laundry section shown in is responsible for cleansing and pressing the full hotel s linens and employee uniforms every bit good as invitee wash. The front office is one of the busiest and an of import section in a hotel because it one section where staff contacts the invitees. There is a demand for standardised programs, processs, agendas, and deadlines, frequent direct communicating between the executives who manages the cardinal runing units of the suites section. Types of ownership The ownership is of four basic types: Franchise, Privately owned and operated, Leased and Managed. The franchise operations, the proprietor in private owns and pays an up-front franchise fee along with royalties. The Franchise hotel operation benefits from acknowledgment of the trade name name by consumers, it has a successful concern theoretical account and national selling, and is dependent on the trade name name for itsA concern. On the other manus a franchise is by and large limited to the district it can market in and can non franchise itself and hence its growing options are limited to buying extra franchises. The in private owned and operated hotels haveA investorsA with a fiscal involvement in the hotel, and the ownership construction is either in individual or company s name. Privately Owned and Operated hotels on one manus gives the proprietor the freedom, but it comes with bigger hazards. The hotel proprietor has to do all determinations on staff, operations construction and growing, and still does non hold the benefit of a trade name name and acknowledgment to endorse him. The selling research attempts are to be built from the abrasion. The Leased hotels are owned by an person or company, who do rent the physical edifice. The Leased hotels types have agreements of long-run rentals. The lease giver decides minimal rent for the premises. The managed hotel is one in private owned, and has signed an understanding with a separate hotel trade name to run the hotels operations. The hotel is in private owned and the pull offing hotel takes over the mundane operations of its concern and lends its trade name name. The Pull offing hotel charges royalties on the entire grosss. ( Ehow, 2011 ) Harmonizing to the type of ownership the franchised hotels offer really similar merchandises to the market which is same all about. In footings of nutrient the bill of fare is the same, in footings of adjustment the room and decor is the same, in footings of conference and feasting installations are besides the same around in all its locations and hotels in footings of degree of services the differences arises depending on the mark audience the hotel caters to. For illustration a Ritz Carlton, all around the universe would hold a really high degree of services and it is consequence of a really high category or premium clients it targets to. Food and drinks differ every bit good in footings of causal dinning, coffeehouse, all right dining, fast nutrient articulations depending upon the mark audience and the class to which the hotel or eating house i.e luxury, fast nutrient articulation, 5 star or 4 or 3 star Hotels. For the leased hotels the merchandises and services differ from the other type s because the leased hotels and managed hotels are free to a certain extent to implement the determinations and advanced merchandises and services without worrying about the royalty and franchise fee. Privately owned and operated hotels are besides more or less similar to leased or managed hotel but they have a greater grade of flexibleness in footings of degree of service conference and feasting services any new merchandises or services because they are non apt to any one lesor or direction. Rather can run as they wish and bring alterations as and when they want. The services are more of mid scope services and have low-cost monetary values for the nutrient, conference and feasting services and attracts tonss of mass hotels for illustration the three star and four star hotels which provide adjustment at monetary values lower than the standard monetary values. The similarity is more related to a housing in footings of hotels and resorts both are the cordial reception administrations and both offer an flight and a topographic point where 1 can remain. Both hotel and resorts have a standard comfortss required to lodge comfortably while off. But the difference is in footings of doing more out of the stay and housing in footings of resorts. the location of resorts is more towards the natural surrounding and therefore the activities differ. There is similarity in footings of the industry the eating houses operate but there is a large difference in footings of how the services are catered and that differentiates the service one gets at a trade name and the little articulation. The trade names operate under one bandwagon and caters everything same everyplace the trade name is whereas for a little articulation they different from one topographic point to another. The similarity is a client satisfaction is the same at some little articulations in footings of nutrient though they do nt hold a great decor but their nutrient gustatory sensations good. Some branded eating houses like McDonalds seek to provide a mix of tasty nutrient, good and modern decor and quality services. Though McDonalds does nt supply a customised bill of fare, still gives client satisfaction and has a great client followers. The similarity in footings of pull offing the concern and staff, for illustration at a hotel and resort is more related to managing the housing demand, housework every bit good as client service and satisfaction, nutrient and drinks and other criterion installations. A Hotel and a resort both provides more of standard cordial reception merchandises and services that fulfils the normal housing demands. The direction map and the staff are more specialized in the cordial reception industry and are cognizant of their functions and maps harmonizing to the sections they serve. But the difference lies in footings of how the concern and staff at the resorts are handled because resorts cater to more of activities based demands of the client along with normal lodging like hotels and hence the direction and staff are more inclined towards more specializer in footings of escapade athleticss manager at some resorts and the direction map is related to conveying in new and advanced merchandises and services and activities to do the resort more gratifying. There are different sections who handle these in a large trade name and in little articulations all the sections are handled by one individual. Like gross, assorted costs, human resource, preparation and developments the assorted selling planning etc. The BHA is one of the prima administrations for the UK cordial reception industry. BHA promotes the involvements of hotels, eating houses and nutrient service suppliers and partnering with authorities to drive cordial reception growing in the UK. it presents the thoughts or new reforms in forepart of the authorities to discourse on behalf of its members. ( Association, 2011 ) The Hotel and providing developing board HCTB provides developing strategies from which both employers and employees can profit. The Hotel and providing preparation company is the largest preparation administration in UK.The preparation policies are focused more on direction development, preparation and developing the unemployed. It comprises employer, employees and trainers who cater existent value of their assets and trade name name. The Hospitality preparation foundation comprising of The Stone low Group, the cordial reception Awarding Body and the hotel and providing developing company concentrates more in human resources and calling and occupational criterions. The educational organic structures like HCIMA ( Hotel and providing international direction Association ) sets and maintains standard for direction instruction and the industry for its members and the people. The nutrient safety Acts of the Apostless is in involvement of just production of nutrient from beginnings to the ingestion and helps to keep the criterion and quality of nutrient consumed. The nutrient safety ordinance ensures a higher criterion of hygiene preparation to protect against bacteriums, bacterial growing, nutrient poising bar, cleanliness and pest control. Undertaking 2 Azimuth Adapted from ( times, 2011 ) The staffing degree for a Fast nutrient industry s elephantine McDonalds is more like the upper direction the in-between degree direction and the entry degree direction. The upper degree direction is the main executive officer and the assorted departmental caputs like the main selling, peoples, operations and fiscal officer. The in-between degree direction which includes scheme contrivers, communicating caput, subjects head, assorted regional directors, development, and finance and Information officer. Then comes the entry degree staff which includes concern scheme and intelligence, selling and nutrient scheme, corporate personal businesss, legal, franchising and field services, Hr, client services, preparation, repute, environment, security, hygiene and safety, equipment and eating house services, supply concatenation, Quality analysis, belongings and building, finance and Information support. McDonald has built its trade name name and the undermentioned success on the footing of the high quality of service and cleanliness which it delivers to its clients in each of its eating houses. Well-trained crew and directors are the first measure to accomplishing these criterions. The company provides calling chances for its employees and allows them to develop their full potency with McDonalds. For this a comprehensive preparation and development programme for the crew and operations direction is developed. This calling patterned advance helps a freshman and an employee who has worked for the first clip to come on through to a senior direction place on footing of virtue and so publicities. The first degree of the preparation starts at the Welcome Meetings. This defines the company s criterions and outlooks from its employees. Followed by good structured development programme, provides preparation in about all countries of the fast nutrient industry and McDonald s concern. The Crew work aboard each other with the fresh trainees while they are trained on the operations accomplishments required for runing the systems in each of the McDonalds eating house, from the counter confronting the client to the kitchen country. All trainee employees are taught to run the really state-of-the-art foodservice equipments, and cognize of the assorted operational processs at McDonalds. The preparation is largely floor based, or on-the-job preparation because trainees learn and retain information when they practise aboard when they learn or are trained. The new employees have an initial preparation and probation period. This period is when they know of the rudimentss and are allowed to heighten their accomplishments to a higher degree and go competent in the countries within the eating house concern. The clip bound for this depends on each employee position i.e. full or parttime. Along with go toing the classroom-based preparation Sessionss where they would finish workbooks for the quality service and cleanliness they have received preparation for. All employees receive ongoing preparation utilizing Observation Checklists for the sections they have worked at. The evaluation goes towards their assessment and other scaling. The McDonalds eating house promotes its crew members to direction places which carry greater answerability for the countries within the eating house, and assorted duties for managing displacements. Well structured preparation and development is provided in the eating house and in add-on the participants attend regular development workshops. There is direction entryway test and completion of this enables the employees to go to a preparation class held by the preparation section at the assorted regional offices before returning to the eating house in a direction function. The McDonald s Management calling Development programme takes new recruits from trainee director to higher profiles like Restaurant Manager. All it takes is on-the-job preparation and unfastened acquisition development classs, supported by faculties and treatment groups at the Company s National and Regional Training Centres. The Management Development programme is aimed at programme takes more of alumnuss or persons with some old direction experience. This offers a direct path into direction of eating house, utilizing an intensive structured preparation programme. The Management Development Programme has four key parts: Switch managing Management which helps trainee directors to develop the accomplishments and techniques necessary to cognize all facets of running displacement. Business Systems Management which is targeted at the 2nd helper and freshly promoted first helper directors. Covering countries of McDonald s concern systems, and concern cognition. Besides aim to develop single techniques. Restaurant Leadership programme preparation directors to the necessary accomplishments needed to go efficient restaurant leaders e.g. team-building, communicating accomplishments, decision-making. Business Leadership programme focused on the restaurant/general directors need to develop a effectual concern scheme which encompasses both the internal and external factors. The assorted section caputs in the regional offices are offered chances to be handle work in the other regional office. This exposes an experient director and helps him to develop and larn new accomplishments, experience and see a different side of the concern and to see how each section s schemes helps in accomplishing the company s set ends. ( times, 2011 ) For illustration in a housing sector the Accor group has a different staff degree and hierarchy bing which includes the each of the sections has a heriarchy upper direction, in-between degree and the entry degree and it exit as shown in the diagrams below. Accor hotel administration chart overview Food and Beverage Department Front Office Department Housekeeping Department Technical Services / Engineering Department Chefs Department Gross / Reservations Department Gross saless A ; Marketing Department Human Resources Department Finance Department The assorted preparations provided at the Accor Hotels include a web of 16 Academies in the chief parts of World. For a professional and personal development of its staff members there are assessment interviews and calling development through alteration of map and an exposure of different sections in the hotel There is an international preparation plan which leads to gross direction certification.. It is a programme where cognition of assorted states and the gross direction in them is provided and a endowment pool is developed to keep the gross. This supports the assorted planned activities of the company. The assorted internal preparation programmes consists of the consciousness about certain tendencies or issues bing in certain states and how to undertake them. For illustration Accor is developing their employees internally for assorted issues with kid attention in Brazil and African states where they have hotel locations. Other internal preparation is more related to the assorted package preparation and events preparations. For illustration another lodging sector hotel, Marriott has more than 3000 operated, franchised lodging belongingss in more than 65 states manages 45 golf classs and has 151000 employees Marriott Structure includes the undermentioned heirarchy: General Manager Department Manger Supervisors Associates Functional sections The assorted occupations and places in the Marriott group ranges from undergraduate consumption to entry degrees every bit good as from specific backgrounds like the Hotel direction, technology, providing etc The preparation which takes topographic point at Marriott scope from internal corporate preparation at the senior degrees of the direction staff. The external preparation made at Marriott was with province of viragos in Brazil to protect endangered rain forests. This helped the company develop its five point environmental scheme. Marriott underwent a preparation related to the preparation of environmental scheme. Marriott is besides go toing external preparation related to sustainable development with the aid of leading forums. Another enterprise to above is international touristry preparation is planned to cognize approximately best patterns and how to mensurate consequences. The internal preparation includes sections which are driving company s environmental enterprises along with external information about its central offices. Employees are trained for company s green merchandises, services and plans and these are shared with employees around the universe at the Marriott through assorted internal communicating methods and pictures For illustration KFC, a speedy service eating house which has 2 directors each shop and 5 floor staff in each of the franchised shop. KFCs administration construction consists of the Shop Director Selling director Undertaking director Training and Research section Quality Assurance Finance Human Resource Management Operations Department and functional section The staff degrees is mid degree staff which are trainers and supervisors and the senior degree staff are the 1s who look at the assorted higher degree maps related to scheme and human resource and fiscal determinations of the finance. The operations are carried out by the floor staff. The Quality Assurance is checked by the supervisor. The external preparation is when the directors go for the franchise holders meetings which discusses the alteration in the franchise selling and the assorted fee alterations or the royalty construction alterations. The internal preparation is more of a developing the new recruits of the day-to-day operations. The supervisor checks the preparation timings and the staff is promoted consequently. The other preparation is about merchandises and services. the nutrient and safety Torahs and any alterations in them. nutrient and hygiene jurisprudence. The client attention preparation which is given to manage assorted client demands like aged, childrens. Undertaking 3 The hotels are runing with more of insouciant attack with less white linen, simple tableware and less ornament. Tendencies The traveling trends has changed and people presents prefer invidual traveling compared to the traditional mass touristry. Tourists take short interruptions compared to long huals. Peoples are sing environment while going and prefer eco hotels. The market section has become more broad with a focal point on single travelers. There are free tiffins which promotes and brings in invitee by giving out. Guest trueness programmes give more in attempts to hike the concern and maintain strong relationship. For illustration all the hotels would offer a nine card to hold trueness programme and to force the assorted offers to its clients. Franchised hotels are seen increasing all throughout and because of globalization it s made faster and easier. Franchise Hotels benefit from trade name acknowledgment, systems and process, selling and advertisement, and economic systems of scale franchise guidelines and has really strong reserves. the lone disadvantage comes from the royalty payment and the criterions which are to be maintained as per the degree Fahrenheit For illustration the first corporately owned easy hotel the cherry trade name opened its door, Dubai based and saw its enlargement in 16 states and presence in Europe, Middle East Africa and Asia in five old ages clip Customization has gone to a upper degree to make place feeling and personalisation is in. For illustration the engineering and cyberspace engagement has made easy for clients to book their housing penchants a hebdomad before they check in. In footings of eating house trends the international bill of fare is influenced in about all eating houses. Any eating house can assist you with any nutrient you ask for without any jobs more because of globalization and client picks scope has increased. Customers are more cognizant because of information flow and engineering. Managerial Manners The directors are trained and asked to equilibrate the ends and aims of the companies with the fiscal ends and aims. Higher consumption of immature people are taken and people from diverse backgrounds and this has brought a alteration in the manner work is handled. Globalization has stressed the demand of civilization consciousness and hence diverseness at work is another tendency. One of the recent tendencies is outsourcing the undertakings which needs specialized people and hence they outsource marketing activities, laundary and contract caterers. Technology Technology has revamped hotels and eating houses they operate touch screen interfaces for cheque in, puting orders and user guided guest instruction and information. Everything is paid utilizing a swipe card. Its made the Operational work to a greater extent easier because the staff uses package which has all information shop and gross revenues and the motion of assorted stocks takes topographic point on its ain. Ecommerce has made travel programs easy, convenient and engagements can be made and cancelled anytime and anyplace. E procurance is where all the purchases are made online. Most of the hotels have synergistic engagement systems. Others use CRM for keeping client records. The legal tendencies The legal tendencies are more related to the assorted entry demands include enrollment of the concern under a proper class i.e. caterers, husbandmans and agriculturists, imports, separate regulations applies to industry. Accreditations, Equal chance jurisprudence, the hygiene degrees, nutrient Laws, nutrient safety, understanding the nutrient borne unwellness, Food safety jeopardies and taint, nutrient saving storage and temperature control, personal hygiene, hygienic premises and equipment, jeopardy analysis and critical control point. Food safety includes Food deleterious to wellness is apt to penalty. Selling nutrient which does non following with nutrient safety demands. Regular Inspection, ictus is carried out of suspected nutrient. The individuals non adhering to the nutrient jurisprudence receives Improvement notices, Prohibition orders, Emergency prohibition notices and orders and Emergency control orders. ( legislation.gov.uk, 2011 ) Food Hygiene jurisprudence includes Looks for effectual and proportionate controls throughout the nutrient concatenation, from production to sale, supply to the concluding consumer. focal points controls for public wellness protection on what is necessary cheques that the nutrient concern operators take nutrient safely earnestly. ( food.gov.uk, 2011 ) Equal Opportunity jurisprudence includes 1. No favoritism on the footing of gender 2. No favoritism on the footing of rewards 3. No favoritism on the footing of Race and Religion 4. No favoritism on the footing of Disability

The Radio Broadcasting Industry

The Radio Broadcasting Industry Free Online Research Papers Radio broadcasting industry is a versatile, fun and rewarding stepping stone into a multitude of careers, which is why I hope to one day use it to break into the entertainment industry. The radio industry is so broad that it can help you get your foot in the door for so many other careers that deal with things like marketing, public relations, entertainment, politics, sales as well as others. Through a radio station you get chances to work with organizations that help people such as charity organizations. Through the radio station you can do on site broadcasts at places like clubs, mall openings, car wash events, parades and you get plenty of chances to meet all sorts of different people by doing interviews and doing onsite reporting of major events. The skills you learn starting out in radio translate so easily to so many other industries that it makes it easy to start in it and then jump to a related career. Through radio you learn how to give public presentations, analyze a demographic, deal with the public, organize and manage a group of people. You can start out as a DJ, hone your public speaking skills, and then move to a job in the marketing department, gaining skills that you can take to a whole slew of other jobs. If you were to stay at the radio station and decide to move from marketing to program manager, then you can gain managerial skills that will also help you in a multitude of other career paths. Not only that but you could also move to one of the many other positions at the radio station and gain many other skills that branch off into so many options that it could boggle the mind. The radio is an entertainment industry you could also break into voice acting as well as stage acting and you could even start acting in movies. The radio industry helps out communities by helping local charities, running charitable events, and having educational shows. Radio stations are always hosting events for charities and helping to get the word out about events those charities run. For example one station is helping the Yvette Gate bone marrow campaign by getting the word out by posting a page about Yvette Gate as well as links to more information on their website. A different radio station has a program called Crime Stoppers, where they advertise it on the air and on their website. They let people know who to get in contact with for home security systems and weekly updates on things like crime news, appeals and advice as well as a number for people to get more information from. Radio stations, mostly talk stations, run show that inform the public on multitude of different topics that can range from realty to great historic figures. I believe all this makes the radio industry a very rewarding career choice. Working in radio and doing all the events and interviews is fun and exhilarating. As a DJ you have chances to go to large events like mall opening, car shows and even the state fair. Not only that but you also get a chance to a weekly show where all you do is go to the bar, have a good time and continue what you do in the studio. If you work for a big station in a big market you also get many chances to interview celebrities, and sometimes you don’t even have to be in a large market some times, in a small market, you get to interview small town heroes. I believe the most exhilarating part about being in the radio industry, primarily being a DJ, is creating the skits for shows. For example the onion radio news makes up all of their stories; I enjoy the idea of just making up funny stuff. Another example is the Bob and Tom morning show; it is a kind of sketch comedy radio show where they do funny songs and interview song writers and comedians as well as all the normal stuff for a morning. The greatest thing is that after working hard and establishing yourself you get more creative control over the shows you do. That is my dream job, having my very own radio show. I am an entertainer, I love telling jokes and making other people laugh. I am also good at making funny and weird voices and sounds. I would really like to balance a radio show with a voice acting career. I have always dreamed of being the voice of some cartoon characters. Granted I do not have the skill to mimic my favorite cartoon voices but I really don’t want to mimic, I want have my own characters. If I work long and hard to prove I have what it takes, I will make it and be able to have creative control in most of my show and in what parts I do for voice acting. That is why I am going to school at brown college. I know that I need to start on this path some where and I have looked at colleges all over Minnesota and brown is the most famous and best out of the like 3 colleges that offer radio broadcasting program in Minnesota. It also gives me connections, which a necessity for radio, like the conclave and a job placemen t program that is life long. As a radio broadcaster you also have to have some technical intelligence for running the board, the thing with all the buttons in the studio, and I hope to be able to have such knowledge of the technical side of radio that I could also be a technician for the radio station that runs my shows. Basically I want to be able to do anything and everything at the station I work at. I know it will be a long and arduous journey that does not bring rewards immediately but in the long run to me all that hard work and diligence is worth it. Research Papers on The Radio Broadcasting IndustryBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of SelfMarketing of Lifeboy Soap A Unilever ProductHip-Hop is ArtRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andAnalysis of Ebay Expanding into AsiaTwilight of the UAWIncorporating Risk and Uncertainty Factor in CapitalThe Hockey GameDefinition of Export QuotasStandardized Testing

Gaia Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Gaia - Essay Example This would not be possible if the Earth's components were functioning separately. "It has never been too hot or too cold for life to survive on our planet, in spite of drastic changes in the composition of the early atmosphere and variations in the sun's output energy." (Lovelock, p 48). This is linked to humans in the way that our bodies sweat and shiver to maintain a body temperature. The Earth is not exactly shivering or sweating but is regulating its own temperature as most living organisms do, which is why the hypothesis stating that earth is functioning as a single organism is called the Gaia hypothesis, named after the ancient Greek Goddess of the Earth. The word Gaia may have many different meanings in many different circles but the essence is the same. Gaia is the Earth, its spirit, its Goddess and it's the unique technique in which the earth functions, a self-contained and remarkable anomaly in our solar system.

Advanced business economics Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Advanced business economics - Essay Example Organizations are physical and even ‘virtual’ setups, where ‘collage’ of humans will work taking different roles and responsibilities.Starting from lower level workers to shareholders, top level management, etcan organization comprises of people with skill and experience, who accomplish their given task. Although, all these people will work in-group for the effective functioning of the organization, there will be an hierarchy. This hierarchy defines the position of the various people inside the organization, with one section of people calling the shots and asking the other sections to function according to their ‘diktats’. This segregation of individuals, according to their role in the establishment and functioning of organization, only leads to the principal-agent relationship, which is particularly visible in the shareholder-manager relationship. In organizational context, the term principal is given to an individual or individuals who have th e authority to hire other individuals to accomplish the set tasks because of their investments and other inputs. The hired individuals, whose duty is to comprehend and carry out the instructions of the principal is known as the agents. This exact principal-agent relationship will be visible in the shareholders and managers relationship, with the shareholders acting as the principal and making the managers work according to their instructions.... However, when viewed from another perspective, this change in equation in the principal-agent relationship, with manager dominating the affairs could lead to problems for the organization, or in particular shareholders. That is, if the shareholders are not equipped to oversee and control the managers, the managers could indulge in actions that may be self-centric, pushing back the organizational goals to the background. Every manager could have personal goals, when he/she is working for the organization. Some times or maximum times, those goals could be in conflict with the owner's or organization’s goals. â€Å"The principal-agent problem arises within the firm when ownership and control are separated and the self-interest of managers may lead them to act other than in the interest of the shareholders.† (Lipsey and Chrystal 2007). This is in line with the Agency theory, which suggests that managers could seek to maximize their goals and benefits, at the expense of shar eholders. The agents or managers will be able to act in a self-centred manner, as they have stronger asymmetric information, thereby causing troubles to the organizations. â€Å"Agents have the ability to operate in their own self-interest rather than in the best interests of the firm because of asymmetric information (e.g., managers know better than shareholders whether they are capable of meeting the shareholders' objectives) and uncertainty.† (Kleiman). The managers could act in a self-interested manner, when it comes to utilizing or ‘consuming’ corporate resources like allocating higher pays, incentives, etc. Even while viewing the supposed detrimental actions of the managers, there are also other aspects, in which the managers can exhibit positive behaviour, thereby taking the